Data Categories We Log
Our comprehensive audit logging system captures ALL data categories across your entire business - from patient records to financial transactions.
Medical & Health Data (HIPAA/GDPR)
- Patient demographics & contact info
- Medical records & diagnoses
- Prescriptions & medications
- Lab test orders & results
- Immunization records
- Growth charts & developmental milestones
- Physiotherapy assessments & progress notes
- Treatment sessions & SOAP notes
- Appointment schedules & cancellations
- Patient-guardian relationships
Financial & Accounting Data (SOX)
- Billing invoices & payments
- Sales transactions & receipts
- Purchase orders & procurement
- Inventory & stock adjustments
- Returns & refunds
- Income & revenue tracking
- Expenses & operational costs
- Assets & depreciation
- Liabilities & debts
- Equity & owner investments
- Bank accounts & reconciliations
Business Operations Data
- User accounts & access control
- Customer/supplier master data
- Medicine & product catalogs
- Treatment packages & pricing
- Insurance claims processing
- Audit log itself (tamper-proof)
- System configuration changes
- Export & data transfer events
- Login/logout & authentication
- Failed access attempts
Actions We Log For Every Data Type
VIEW
Every time anyone views patient records, medical history, billing information, appointments, financial data, or inventory
INSERT
Every new patient, prescription, billing, appointment, sale, purchase, inventory item, or user account created
UPDATE
Every change to any record - medical, financial, inventory, or master data (before and after values captured)
DELETE
Every deletion of any record (full before-image preserved for audit)
EXPORT
Every time data is downloaded, printed, or exported (financial or medical)
PAYMENT
Every payment recorded, refund issued, or financial adjustment made
LOGIN/LOGOUT
All user authentication events with IP tracking
STOCK ADJUSTMENT
Every inventory change (add, remove, set) with reason
What Each Log Entry Contains
| Field |
Description |
Purpose |
| user_id | Who performed the action | Accountability |
| user_role | Role of the user (admin, doctor, accountant, cashier) | Segregation of duties |
| action | VIEW / INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE / EXPORT / PAYMENT | Action type |
| table_name | Which table was accessed (patients, billing, inventory, etc.) | Data category |
| record_id | Which specific record was accessed | Record identification |
| old_value | Before image (for UPDATE/DELETE) | Full audit trail |
| new_value | After image (for INSERT/UPDATE) | Change tracking |
| ip_address | IP address of the user | Location tracking |
| session_id | PHP session ID | Session tracking |
| created_at | Timestamp of action | Timeline evidence |
| reason | Purpose of access (treatment, payment, operations) | Justification |
| patient_id | Link to patient for HIPAA accounting requests | HIPAA compliance |
| financial_transaction_id | Link to financial transaction | SOX compliance |
| old_financial_value | Previous amount | Financial audit trail |
| new_financial_value | New amount | Financial audit trail |
| journal_entry_type | debit/credit/reversal/adjustment | Double-entry accounting |
| debit_account | Account being debited | SOX compliance |
| credit_account | Account being credited | SOX compliance |
International Compliance Requirements Covered
United States - HIPAA / HITECH
Audit controls required for all systems containing ePHI. Must record and examine activity. 6-year retention. Business Associate Agreements required.
United States - SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley)
Financial audit trails for all accounting transactions. Need before/after values, journal entries, approval workflows, segregation of duties.
Europe - GDPR (EU, UK, Switzerland)
Right to access, rectification, erasure. Record of processing activities (ROPA). Data protection impact assessments. Standard Contractual Clauses for transfers.
Canada - PIPEDA / PHIPA
Meaningful consent required. Breach notification. Accountability principle - documented safeguards. Provincial rules (Ontario PHIPA) require explicit privacy policies.
France - HDS Certification
Mandatory HDS (Hébergement de Données de Santé) certification for hosting French health data. End-to-end encryption. Strict data localization.
Middle East - UAE PDPL / Qatar Law
Strict data localization. 25-year health data retention (UAE). Cross-border transfer restrictions. Tamper-proof audit trails required.
Australia - Privacy Act 1988 / My Health Records Act
Notifiable Data Breaches scheme. Prohibition on identifiable health record export. 13 Australian Privacy Principles (APPs).
New Zealand - Privacy Act 2020 / Health Information Privacy Code
13 Information Privacy Principles (IPPs). Mandatory breach notification. Reasonable security safeguards required for all health information.
Data Retention Requirements
| Regulation |
Retention Period |
Requirements |
'
| HIPAA (US) | 6 years | Audit logs must be retained for 6 years from creation |
| SOX (US) | 7 years | Financial audit records must be retained for 7 years |
| GDPR (Europe) | As needed | Retain as long as processing purpose exists + limitation period |
| UAE Health Data Law | 25 years | Health data must be retained for 25 years after last visit |
| France HDS | 10 years | Minimum 10-year retention for healthcare records |
| Australia My Health Records | 30 years | My Health Record data retention requirement |
| Canada PIPEDA | As needed | As long as necessary for identified purposes |
Our Retention Policy: Audit logs are retained for a minimum of 7 years (exceeding HIPAA 6-year requirement) and up to 25 years for UAE clients. Logs are immutable and append-only.
Audit Trail Integrity & Security
Append-Only Logs
Log entries are only INSERTED, never UPDATED or DELETED. Tamper-proof audit trail.
Separate Database User
Audit logs are written using a database user with INSERT-only privileges.
IP & Session Tracking
Every log includes IP address, user agent, and session ID for forensic tracking.
📋 Audit Logs Available for Regulatory Inspection
All audit logs are maintained for the required retention periods and are available for inspection by authorized regulatory bodies including HHS (US), Supervisory Authorities (EU), CNIL (France), PIPEDA Commissioners (Canada), UAE Data Office, OAIC (Australia), and NZ Privacy Commissioner. For audit requests, contact
[email protected]